In this Article we are going to cover Disaster management, Types of disaster in short, disaster management cycle, along with that we are also going to learn Disaster management Act and few current example of disaster hit in India for example :-
# Disaster management in Bihar due to flood which is a severe issue for the people living in affected area.
# Disaster management in Kerala and Odisha which is recently affected by cyclones Yaas and Tauktae.
Before heading to our main topic it is important to understand its general introduction,
So, lets get started.
Introduction:-
Disaster is generally a distruption that can occur at the level of any individual or community in other words we can say that mishappening occurs with any individual or society is termed as disaster. It generally cause imbalancy in functioning of life/society.
For an example:- If a person met with an accident and unfortunately he lost his one leg or any of his precious thing then that would be a disaster from his perspective.
Natural disaster is something hazardous event such as an earthquake, volcanic eruption, hurricane etc. it cause severe damage to the property, a large number of casaulities or both.
Disaster cause immeasurable damage and can vary with the geographical location, climate, types of earth surface and vulnerability.
Disaster also affect the mental, social and economical position of any individual or state. Disaster has the following effects in any area:-
1) It completely disrupts the day to day life of every individual.
2) It affects the emergency system of affected area
3) Basic needs of every individual like food, shelter, health etc. are affected and depend upon the intensity and severity of disaster.
Disaster has some following features:-
1) Unpredictable
2) Unfamiliarity
3) Speed
4) Urgency
5) Threat etc.
Now Lets understand the types of disaster in short:-
Disaster is broadly classified into two terms:-
1) Natural disaster:- These are not influenced by the human and nature is completely responsible for their occurrence.
| Major normal Disaster |
Minor normal disaster |
| Earthquake |
Cold wave |
| Cyclone |
Thunderstorms |
| Drought |
Heat waves |
| Flood |
Mud slides |
| Storms |
2) Manmade Disaster:- These disaster are occurred due to the man manmade activities on the earth surface and human is completely responsible for their occurrence.
| Major manmade Disaster |
Minor manmade disaster |
| Forest fires |
Accidents |
| Epidemic |
Food poisoning |
| Deforestation |
Industrial crisis |
| Gas leak/pollution |
DISASTER MANAGEMENT:-
Management is way of planning of your all the activities in order to achieve desired goal. Disaster management is effectively and efficiently managing any disaster activities in order to reduce it impact and save property and casaulities or both.
Disaster management activity has some phases and based on that phases we always plan our rescue or activities.
Phases/Cycle of disaster management (Refer below image) :-
1) Pre disaster phase
2) Emergency Phase
3) Post disaster phase
1) Pre disaster phase:- 1) Preparedness plan:- This phase is most important for effectively mitigating any disaster. In this phase we have sufficient time so that we can strengthen the capacity of rescue, relief and rehabilitation.
In Pre disaster phase we can pre plan our all the activities in order to reduce its impact and to reduce the casaulities.
2) Leadership and teamwork qualities:- Preparedness plan need detailed planning and a efficient team work in order to tackle with any disaster.
This operation need quality understanding and confidence between team. The training must follow mock drills to test the decision making, communication and co-ordination system.
3) Risk Assessment:- Hazards likely to be faced in each region and their impact are site specific, so the disaster preparedness training should be limited to emergency control aspects. Risk assessment should be done precisely and plans should be implemented accordingly.
4) Prepare your family:- Family, neighborhood can help to improve the chances of surviving and earthquake without injury or serious damage. Evacuation exercise, trainings camps will be helpful in Pre disaster phase.
Now, Some useful points everyone should consider before any disaster:-
If you will wait until the disaster hit in your area then it will be too late, you should consider these points as soon as possible if you are living in any disaster prone area.
1) Always try to keep ( drinking water, first aid kit, torchlight extra batteries at their correct place.
2) Always turn off electricity or gas line immediately so that it wont create any fire.
3) Your exit passage should be clear so that in any emergency people can escape quickly.
4) Identify such places in your house where you can take cover during the earthquake.
5) Always try to place heavy objects on lower shelves.
6) Try to fix almirahs or wooden items to wall so that they won't fall.
7) Try to store breakable items in closed shelves
8) Find location of safe places outside the buildings away from trees, electric lines etc.
2)Emergency Phase:-
Disaster never give any such warning so in order to tackle with it pre disaster phase plays very vital role
these are the following tips to be consider for keeping urself safe during any disaster.
If you are inside the house
1) Try to make your self calm do not panic.
2) Take cover for protecting yourself. Try to choose study table, or any strong furniture to safeguard yourself.
3) Try to cover urself with pillows or any sponge items.
4) Switch off electricity, gas line.
5) Never use lift in case of rescuing from buildings
If you are outside the house
1) Move into the open area, away from the buildings, street light etc.
2) If your home is damaged, you will have to leave that place after collecting the food, water and necessary items.
3) Avoid contacting the loose electrical wires, and do not touch any objects.
3) Post disaster phase:-
These are the following activities we should keep after facing any disaster:-
1) Do not spread rumors
2) Maintain law and orders, prevention of looting or theft.
3) Co operate with the rescuers and help your neighbours if you can.
4) Check for inflammable substances and place them away from that area so that they won't create any fire.
5) Call fire fighting team immediately so that in case if there would be any fire issue than they can handle it within time.
6) Inform disaster response headquarter as soon as possible.
That's all about the phases in disaster management.
Keep learning and sharing guyys.
2 Comments
Click here for CommentsI eagerly wait for ur article sir as it boosts my knowledge. Thanku sir🙌
ReplyThanks
ReplyPlease do not Enter Spam link in comment box ConversionConversion EmoticonEmoticon